Acc???in? t? ? n?w st???, c?nni??lism w?s ? c?mm?n ??n????? ???ctic? in n??t???n E????? ????n? 15,000 ????s ???, wit? ????l? ??tin? t??i? ???? n?t ??t ?? n?c?ssit? ??t ??t??? ?s ???t ?? t??i? c?lt???.

G????’s C?v? is ? w?ll-kn?wn ??l??lit?ic sit? in s??t?-??st??n En?l?n?. N?stl?? in t?? C?????? G????, t?? c?v? is ??????s ??st kn?wn ??? t?? ?isc?v??? ?? 15,000 ????s ?l? ??m?n sk?lls s????? int? w??t ??? ??li?v?? t? ??v? ???n c??s ?n? ??n?s t??t ??? ???n ?n?w?? ?? ?t??? ??m?ns.

A st??? ???lis??? in t?? j???n?l Q??t??n??? Sci?nc? R?vi?ws s????sts t?is w?s n?t ?n is?l?t?? inci??nt. T??i? ??s???c? ??c?s?? ?n t?? M????l?ni?n ???i?? ?? t?? l?t? U???? P?l??lit?ic ???. T?? M????l?ni?ns liv?? s?m? 11,000 t? 17,000 ????s ???.

Ex???ts ?t L?n??n’s N?ti?n?l Hist??? M?s??m ??vi?w?? t?? lit???t??? t? i??nti?? 59 M????l?ni?n sit?s t??t ??v? ??m?n ??m?ins. M?st w??? in F??nc?, wit? sit?s ?ls? in G??m?n?, S??in, R?ssi?, t?? Unit?? Kin???m, B?l?i?m, P?l?n?, t?? Cz?c? R????lic, ?n? P??t???l. T??? w??? ??l? t? int?????t t?? ??n????? ????vi??s ?t 25 ?? t?? sit?s.

T?? ?it??listic m?ni??l?ti?n ?? ??m?n ??m?ins ?n? its ??????nt ?cc????nc? ?t sit?s ?c??ss n??t???n ?n? w?st??n E????? s????st?? c?nni??lism w?s ? ???i?l ???ctic? – ??t??? t??n t? s???l?m?nt ?i?t – wi??s????? in M????l?ni?n c?lt???, ??s???c???s s?i?.

‘Inst??? ?? ????in? t??i? ????, t??s? ????l? w??? ??tin? t??m,’ ?x?l?ins D?. Silvi? B?ll?, ?n ?x???t ?n t?? ?v?l?ti?n ?? ??m?n ????vi??? w??kin? ?t t?? N?t???l Hist??? M?s??m. ‘W? int?????t t?? ?vi??nc? t??t c?nni??lism w?s ???ctic?? ?n m?lti?l? ?cc?si?ns ?c??ss n??t?-w?st??n E????? ?v?? ? s???t ???i?? ?? tіm?, ?s t?is ???ctic? w?s ???t ?? ? ?i???s? ??n????? ????vi??? ?m?n? M????l?ni?n ?????s.’

‘T??t in its?l? is int???stin?, ??c??s? it is t?? ?l??st ?vi??nc? ?? c?nni??lism ?s ? ??n????? ???ctic?.’

T?is c?nni??listic ????vi??? w?s s??min?l? ??i?l? c?mm?n ?m?n?st M????l?ni?n ????l? ?? n??t?-w?st??n E?????, ??t it ?i?n’t l?st ???tic?l??l? l?n?. T???? w?s ? s?i?t t?w???s ????l? ????in? t??i? ????, ? ????vi??? s??n wi??l? ?c??ss s??t?-c?nt??l E????? ?n? ?tt?i??t?? t? ? s?c?n? ?istinct c?lt???, kn?wn ?s t?? E?i???v?tti?n.

H?m?n ??m?ins ???m ?c??ss n??t?-w?st??n E????? in?ic?t? t??t c?nni??lism w?s ? ??n????? ???ctic?. ©T?? T??st??s ?? t?? N?t???l Hist??? M?s??m, L?n??n

T?is t??n ??is?s t?? ???sti?n ?? w??t??? t?? ?v?nt??l ??l?tiv? ??i??it? ?? ???i?l c?lt??? t?w???s t?? ?n? ?? t?? P?l???lit?ic w?s t?? ??s?lt ?? M????l?ni?n ????l? ????tin? ??im??? ???i?l ?s ? ??n????? ????vi???, ?? i? t??i? ????l?ti?n w?s ???l?c??.

C?nni??lism ?s ??n????? ????vi???

D??in? t?? l?t? U???? P?l???lit?ic, ??tw??n ????n? 23,000 ?n? 14,000 ????s ???, t???? w??? tw? ??min?t? c?lt???s in w?st??n E?????, l????l? ?istin??is??? ?? t?? st?n? ?n? ??n? t??ls t?? c???t??.

T?? E?i???v?tti?n c?lt??? w?s m?inl? ???n? livin? in s??t? ?n? ??st??n E?????, ?n? ???i?? t??i? ???? wit? ???v?s ????s in ? w?? t??t w? w??l? ??????s c?nsi??? m??? ?s??l ?? m????n st?n????s. T?? M????l?ni?n c?lt??? ???m t?? n??t?-w?st ?? E?????, ??w?v??, w??? ??in? t?in?s ?i?????ntl?. T??? w??? ???c?ssin? t?? ???i?s ?? t??i? ????, ??m?vin? t?? ?l?s? ???m t?? c???s?, ??tin? it, ?n? in s?m? c?s?s m??i??in? t?? ??m?inin? ??n?s t? c???t? n?w ??j?cts.

On? ?? t?? m?in ???sti?ns w?s w??t??? ?? n?t t?is c?nni??lism w?s ??iv?n ?? n?c?ssit?, w??n ??????s ???? w?s sc??c? ?? t?? wint?? l?n? ?n? s? t?? ????l? ??s??nsi?l? w??? in s??viv?l m???, ?? w??t??? it w?s ? c?lt???l ????vi???.

Evi??nc? ???m G????’s C?v? ?l????? s????sts t??t t?? ??tin? ?? t?? ???i?s t???? w?s ?? ? m??? ?it??listic ???m. T?is is ??c??s? t???? is ?m?l? ?vi??nc? t??t t?? ????l? ??s??nsi?l? w??? ??ntin? ?n? ??tin? l?ts ?? ?t??? ?nim?ls, s?c? ?s ???? ?n? ???s?s, w?il? t?? c?????l ???????ti?n ?? s?m? ?? t?? ??m?n ??m?ins lik? t?? sk?ll c?? ?n? ?n ?n???v?? ??n? s??w t??t s?m? w?s t?????t w?s ??in? ??t int? t?? c?nni??lism.

D?. Willi?m M??s? is ? ??s???c??? ?t t?? N?t???l Hist??? M?s??m w?? ??s ???n st???in? t?? ??m?n ??m?ins t??t ??v? ???n ???n? in G????’s C?v? ??? ?is P?.D.

“T? c?nt?xt??liz? G????’s C?v? ??tt??, I ??vi?w?? ?? ?ll t?? ??c????l??ic?l sit?s ?tt?i??t?? t? t?? M????l?ni?n ?n? E?i???v?tti?n U???? P?l??lit?ic c?lt???,” ?x?l?ins Willi?m. H? w?s ??l? t? ?in? 59 sit?s ?c??ss E????? ???m t?is tіm? w?ic? ??? ??m?n ??m?ins, ?? w?ic? 13 s??w?? ?vi??nc? ?? c?nni??lism, 10 ?? ???i?l ?n? tw? t??t s??w?? c?m?in?? ?vi??nc? ?? ???i?l ?n? c?nni??lism. W??t ?? ???liz?? w?s t??t t?? ???ctic? ?? ??tin? t?? ???? w?s ??i?l? l?c?liz??, ??in? ???n? ?t sit?s ?c??ss w?st??n ?n? c?nt??l E????? ?n? ?? int? t?? U.K.

“T?? ??ct t??t w? ?in? c?nni??lism ??in? ???ctic?? ??t?n ?n m?lti?l? ?cc?si?ns in ?v?? ? s???t ???i?? ?? tіm?, in ? ??i?l? l?c?liz?? ???? ?n? s?l?l? ?? in?ivi???ls ?tt?i??t?? t? t?? M????l?ni?n c?lt???, m??ns w? ??li?v? t?is ????vi?? w?s ?n? t??t w?s ??????m?? wi??l? ?? t?? M????l?ni?n, ?n? w?s t???????? ? ??n????? ????vi?? in its?l?,” s??s Willi?m.

In t?is c?nt?xt, t?? ??tin? ?? t?? ???? c?n ?? s??n ?s ?i?????nt in ???ctic?, ??t ??????s n?t m??nin?, t? c??m?ti?ns, ???i?ls ?? m?mmi?ic?ti?n.

S?m? ?? t?? ??m?n ??n?s ???n? ?t G????’s C?v? s??w ?vi??nc? ?? ??vin? ???n w??k??, im?l?in? t??t t?? c?nni??lism ??? ? ?it??listic ??ncti?n. ©T?? T??st??s ?? t?? N?t???l Hist??? M?s??m, L?n??n

C??n?in? ??n????? ???ctic?s

B?il?in? ?n t?is, Willi?m ?n? Silvi? w??? t??n ??l? t? l??k ?t w??t??? ?n? ??n?tic ?n?l?sis ??? ???n ??n? ?n t?? ??m?n ??m?ins ???m t??s? sit?s. T?is w??l? ?n??l? t?? ??s???c???s t? s?? i? t???? w??? ?n? links ??tw??n w?? w?s ???cticin? w?ic? ??n????? ????vi??s.

R?m??k??l?, t?? ??n?tic ?vi??nc? s??ms t? s????st t??t t?? tw? ?????s ???cticin? ?i?????nt ??n????? ????vi??s w??? ??n?tic?ll? ?istinct ????l?ti?ns. All t?? sit?s ???m w?ic? ?vi??nc? ?? c?nni??lism ??s ???n ???n? s??w t??t t?? ????l? w??? ???t ?? ? ??n?tic ????? kn?wn ?s “G???tQ2,” w?il? ?ll ?? t?? m??? ???in??? ???i?ls w??? ?? ????l? w?? ??l?n??? t? t?? “Vill????n?” ??n?tic ?????.

W?il? ??t? ?????s w??? livin? in E????? ?t t?? s?m? tіm?, in?ivi???ls s??wіп? G???tQ2 ?nc?st?? ??? ?ss?ci?t?? wit? t?? ???i?n s??nnin? t?? F??nc?-S??nis? ??????, w?il? Vill????n? ?nc?st?? w?s c???i?? ?? in?ivi???ls w?? in???it?? t?? It?li?n-B?lk?n ???i?n. T?is im?li?s t??t w??n t?? ???ctic? ?? ??tin? t?? ???? ?n??? ?n? m??? c?nv?nti?n?l ???i?ls ??c?m? c?mm?n ?l?c? in n??t?-w?st??n E?????, it w?sn’t t?????? ? s?????in? ?? i???s ??t ??t??? E?i???v?tti?n ????l? ???l?cin? t?? M????l?ni?n.

“At t?is tіm?, ???in? t?? t??min?l ???i?? ?? t?? P?l??lit?ic, ??? ?ct??ll? s?? ? t??n?v?? in ??t? ??n?tic ?nc?st?? ?n? ??n????? ????vi??,” ?x?l?ins Willi?m. “T?? M????l?ni?n ?ss?ci?t?? ?nc?st?? ?n? ??n????? ????vi?? is ???l?c?? ?? E?i???v?tti?n ?ss?ci?t?? ?nc?st?? ?n? ??n????? ????vi??, in?ic?tiv? ?? ????l?ti?n ???l?c?m?nt ?s E?i???v?tti?n ?????s mi???t?? int? n??t?-w?st??n E?????.”

“W? ??li?v? t??t ??t??? t??n ??in? ?n ?x?m?l? ?? t??nsc?lt???l ?i???si?n, t?? c??n?? in ??n????? ????vi?? i??nti?i?? is ?n ?x?m?l? ?? ??mic ?i???si?n w???? ?ss?nti?ll? ?n? ????l?ti?n c?m?s in ?n? ???l?c?s t?? ?t??? ????l?ti?n.”